The DPR RI plenary session passed the Agrarian Reform Bill into law. The announcement was made by Deputy Speaker of the DPR RI Sufmi Dasco Ahmad, which was met with calls of approval from members of the session.

Deputy Chair of the DPR RI Legislative Body (Baleg), A. Iman Sukri said that land issues in Indonesia continue to be characterized by significant inequality in land control, ownership, use, and utilization, as well as prolonged agrarian conflicts that have had wide-ranging impacts on the social, economic, and cultural lives of communities, particularly farmers, sharecroppers, agricultural workers, fishers, Indigenous communities, women, and low-income communities.

Therefore, the drafting of a bill regulating agrarian reform is an important part of the state’s efforts to address the root causes of agrarian inequality that have remained unresolved.

“In the context of meaningful public participation during the drafting of the bill regulating agrarian reform, the Legislative Body held meetings with 55 parties, including academics, practitioners, NGOs, private and regional companies, ministries, and relevant government agencies, through working meetings, public hearings, and general public hearings. This was intended to ensure that the bill regulating agrarian reform genuinely received meaningful input from the public, enabling the Legislative Body to develop an accurate understanding to be incorporated into the norms and substantive provisions of the bill,” Iman said during the DPR RI plenary session on Tuesday, September 22, 2026.

He said the government submitted 596 Problem Inventory Lists (DIMs), which were discussed intensively, in detail, and carefully by the Legislative Body through a Working Committee (Panja), while continuing to uphold the principles of deliberation and consensus.

After the Panja reached agreement on its decisions, a drafting team and a synchronization team were established to refine the wording and technical aspects of the decisions. The results were reported to the Panja on September 20, 2026.

The key provisions that emerged during the discussion of the Agrarian Reform Bill include:

1. Regulation of the implementation of agrarian reform through the state’s right of control, aimed at ensuring the fulfillment, restoration, and recognition of people’s rights to land and other agrarian resources, while prioritizing their use for agrarian reform beneficiaries.
2. Regulation of agrarian reform planning through an agrarian reform roadmap containing policy directions, targets, priority stages, implementation strategies, and performance indicators.
3. Regulation of priority locations for agrarian reform, including the criteria and mechanisms for determining them, based on factors including inequality in land control and ownership, agrarian conflicts, abandoned land, poverty, absentee land ownership, and land holdings exceeding maximum limits.
4. Regulation of agrarian reform objects, including land originating from the resolution of agrarian and non-agrarian conflicts, as well as priority agrarian reform beneficiaries such as farmers, sharecroppers, agricultural workers, fishers, Indigenous communities, women, and low-income communities.
5. Strengthening of institutions responsible for implementing agrarian reform through the establishment of an agrarian reform agency under and accountable to the President, with authority over planning, implementation, supervision, and the resolution of agrarian conflicts.
6. Establishment of a Supervisory Council to ensure transparency, participation, accountability, and effectiveness in the implementation of agrarian reform.
7. Regulation of effective, transparent, and fair mechanisms for resolving agrarian conflicts, prioritizing deliberation, restoration of social relations, legal certainty, and restoration of community rights.
8. Strengthening of land-rights restoration, land redistribution, legal certainty over land rights, and empowerment of agrarian reform beneficiaries.
9. Strengthening of legal protection and prevention of new agrarian conflicts, including protection for agrarian reform beneficiaries, community advocates, whistleblowers, witnesses, and parties defending their land rights, as well as the application of the principle of free, prior, and informed consent.
10. Regulation of the organization, control, and limitation of land control and ownership to prevent the concentration and re-concentration of land and to ensure a more equitable distribution of land control and ownership.
11. Strengthening meaningful public participation in the resolution of agrarian conflicts, restoration of land rights, land redistribution, and empowerment of agrarian reform beneficiaries.
12. Strengthening of data, reporting, and accountability systems for agrarian reform implementation, including the integration of conflict-resolution outcomes and agrarian reform implementation into the One Data system.
13. Regulation of funding for agrarian reform implementation, sourced from the state budget (APBN), regional budgets (APBD), and other non-binding sources.
14. Regulation of criminal provisions and transitional provisions to ensure the continuity, compliance, and effectiveness of agrarian reform implementation, including the integration of ongoing agrarian reform programs into the system established under this law.
15. Regulation of performance reports and agrarian reform implementation reports to be submitted to the President and the DPR RI at least once a year.